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簡介：此文檔是畢業(yè)設(shè)計外文翻譯成品（含英文原文中文翻譯），無需調(diào)整復雜的格式下載之后直接可用，方便快捷本文價格不貴,也就幾十塊錢一輩子也就一次的事外文標題BASEDONSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERHEATINGTEMPERATUREAUTOMATICCONTROLSYSTEM外文作者DEYONGLIU,HONGSONG,ZHIQIANGKONG文獻出處ADVANCEDMATERIALSRESEARCHVOLS5915932019PP16641668如覺得年份太老，可改為近2年，畢竟很多畢業(yè)生都這樣做英文2423單詞，15149字符，中文3704漢字。BASEDONSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERHEATINGTEMPERATUREAUTOMATICCONTROLSYSTEMKEYWORDSAD590,ADC0809,AT89C51,CD4511ABSTRACTTHETEMPERATURECONTROLISONEOFTHEMOSTCOMMONCONTROLSYSTEM,WITHTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHESENSINGTECHNOLOGY,NEWSINGLEBUSDIGITALTEMPERATURESENSORTOACHIEVEFASTERDEVELOPMENTOFTHETESTANDCONTROLOFTHETEMPERATURETHESYSTEMISATEMPERATURESENSORAD590TOACQUISITIONANALOGSIGNALS,AFTERADC0809CONVERTEDINTODIGITALSIGNALSTO89C51SINGLECHIPPROCESSING,SOASTOACHIEVETHECOLLECTIONOFTEMPERATURE,ANDTHENTHROUGHTHECD4511DRIVESEVENSECTIONSLEDDISPLAYTHESYSTEMCANCONTROLOFTEMPERATURE,THROUGHTHEKEYBOARDFORTEMPERATUREOFADDORSUBTRACTSETTINGS,IFDETECTIONTEMPERATUREISMORETHANSETTEMPERATURE,STOPHEATING,IFDETECTIONTEMPERATUREISBELOWTHESETTEMPERATURE,STARTHEATINGTHESYSTEMOFDESIGNANDWIRINGARESIMPLE,EASYEXTENSION,COSTEFFECTIVE,VOLUMEISSMALL,COMPACTSTRUCTURE,STRONGANTIINTERFERENCEABILITYFIG1SYSTEMSTRUCTURETHESYSTEMHARDWARECIRCUITDIAGRAMTHEMAINCONTROLCIRCUITMCS51ISAN8BITSCPU,128BDATASTORAGE,4KBPROGRAMMEMORY,FIVEINTERRUPTSOURCE,ANDTWO16BITTIMERS/COUNTER,ONESERIALPORT,FOURPARALLEL8BITI/OANDTWENTYONESPECIALFUNCTIONOFREGISTERSTHEMOSTBASICCIRCUITOFTHESINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERISABLETOMAKESCMNORMALSTARTANDWORKOFTHECIRCUITS,INCLUDINGPOWERVCCTERMINATION5VVOLTAGE,VSSGROUNDEDDUETOTHELOWELECTRICPINSEAATORDINARYTIMESISTOVISITPIECEOFEXTERNALSTORAGE,THESYSTEMDOESNOTNEEDTOEXPANDOUTSIDEOFMEMORY,SOITNEEDTOMAINTAINAHIGHLEVEL,CONNECTTHEPOWERSUPPLYVOLTAGE5VTHECLOCKCIRCUITMCS51INTERNALHAVEONEFORAREVERSEPHASEOFHIGHPOWERGAINOSCILLATORAMPLIFIER,THEHIGHPOWERGAINREVERSEPHASEOFTHEAMPLIFIERINPUTFORCHIPXTAL1PIN,THEOUTPUTFORCHIPXTAL2PINTHETWOPINSJUMPERQUARTZOSCILLATORANDFINETUNECAPACITANCETRANSISTOR,THEYFORMASTABLEOFSELFEXCITEDOSCILLATORCIRCUITOFCAPACITANCEC1ANDC2TYPICALUSUALLYCHOOSETOABOUT30PF,THEOSCILLATIONOFTHECRYSTALSUSUALLYBETWEEN12MHZFREQUENCYAND12MHZTHEHIGHERTHECRYSTALFREQUENCY,THESYSTEMCLOCKFREQUENCYISHIGHER,THERUNNINGSPEEDOFSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERALSOMOREQUICKLYMCS51OFTENCHOOSECONCUSSION6MHZOR12MHZFREQUENCYOFQUARTZCRYSTAL,THECONTROLSYSTEMCHOICE12MHZRESETCIRCUITMCS51RESETBYEXTERNALRESETCIRCUITTOREALIZE,RESETCIRCUITOFSINGLECHIPPROCESSORISINITIALIZEDOPERATION,MAKESCMINITSINITIALSTATEONELEVELRESETTHROUGHTHERESISTANCEANDPOWERSUPPLYTHERST5VCONNECTEDTOFULFILLWHENQUARTZCRYSTALFREQUENCYFOR12MHZ,RESETCIRCUITPARAMETERSFOR1UFELECTROLYTICCAPACITORSAND10K?RESISTANCETHEDISTRIBUTIONOFI/OTHESYSTEMNEEDSINPUTANDOUTPUTOFTHESINGLECHIP

簡介：INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS0975–8887VOLUME53–NO1,SEPTEMBER20127AMICROCONTROLLERBASEDROOMTEMPERATUREMONITORINGSYSTEMTHEOPHILUSWELLEMDEPARTMENTOFINFORMATIONSYSTEMSSATYAWACANACHRISTIANUNIVERSITYSALATIGA,INDONESIA,50711BHUDISETIAWANDEPARTMENTOFINFORMATICSSATYAWACANACHRISTIANUNIVERSITYSALATIGA,INDONESIA,50711ABSTRACTMONITORINGTHETEMPERATUREOFACOMPUTERSERVERROOMISACRITICALTASKTOENSURETHEPERFORMANCEOFTHESERVERISNOTDISTURBEDBYEXCESSIVEROOMTEMPERATUREINTHISPAPER,WEDESIGNEDANDIMPLEMENTEDAMICROCONTROLLERBASEDROOMTEMPERATUREMONITORINGSYSTEMUSINGATMELATMEGA8535MICROCONTROLLERANDNATIONALSEMICONDUCTORSLM35TEMPERATURESENSORTHESYSTEMISEQUIPPEDWITHAWAVECOMGSMMODEMTOSENDANDRECEIVETEXTMESSAGESMSANDRELAYBOARDTOCONTROLELECTRONICEQUIPMENTTHEEXPERIMENTRESULTSSHOWTHATOURSYSTEMWORKSASEXPECTEDTHESYSTEMRAISESANALARMANDSENDANALERTMESSAGETOADMINISTRATORWHENTHEROOMTEMPERATUREISABOVETHRESHOLD,WHICHIS28°CGENERALTERMSDESIGN,EXPERIMENTATIONKEYWORDSMICROCONTROLLER,TEMPERATURESENSOR,SERVERROOMTEMPERATURE1INTRODUCTIONCOMPUTERSERVERROOMPLAYSANIMPORTANTROLEINTHEITINFRASTRUCTUREOFANORGANIZATIONTOSUPPORTTHEORGANIZATIONSCOMPUTERNETWORKOROTHERITRELATEDTASKSTHEREFORE,MONITORINGTHETEMPERATUREOFACOMPUTERSERVERROOMISACRITICALTASKTOENSURETHATTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHESERVERISNOTDISTURBEDBYEXCESSIVEROOMTEMPERATUREGENERALLY,THEDAILYCOMPUTERSERVERROOMSTEMPERATUREISAFFECTEDBYSEVERALFACTORSSUCHAS,THESERVERROOMSIZE,NUMBEROFSERVERINSIDETHEROOM,ANDTHEROOMSAIRCONDITIONINGSYSTEMNEVERTHELESS,ASYSTEMTHATCAPABLETOWARNTHESERVERADMINISTRATORREGARDINGTHESERVERROOMTEMPERATUREWILLBEVERYUSEFULINCASEOFTHEREISANYEXCESSIVETEMPERATURETHISPAPERPRESENTSOURDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFAMICROCONTROLLERBASEDSYSTEMFORMONITORINGSERVERROOMTEMPERATUREWEUSEATMELAVRATMEGA8535MICROCONTROLLERANDLM35TEMPERATURESENSORASTHEMAINCOMPONENTSOFTHESYSTEMLIQUIDCRYSTALDISPLAYLCDANDBUZZERAREUSEDTODISPLAYTHESERVERROOMTEMPERATUREANDASANALARM,RESPECTIVELYINORDERTOALERTTHESERVERADMINISTRATOR,THESYSTEMISEQUIPPEDWITHAGSMMODEMTOIMMEDIATELYSENDTEXTMESSAGEIFTHESERVERROOMTEMPERATUREISABOVEAPREDEFINEDTHRESHOLDARELAYBOARDISALSOCONNECTEDTOTHEMICROCONTROLLERTOCONTROLOTHERELECTRONICAPPLIANCESINSIDETHESERVERROOMTHEREMAINDEROFTHISPAPERISORGANIZEDASFOLLOWSINSECTION2,WEPROVIDEASHORTBACKGROUNDONMICROCONTROLLER,SPECIFICALLYTHEATMELATMEGA8535MICROCONTROLLER,ANDALSOTHELM35TEMPERATURESENSORTHEDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHESYSTEMISDESCRIBEDINSECTION3SECTION4PROVIDESTHERESULTSOFOUREXPERIMENTSANDDISCUSSIONFINALLY,SECTION5CONCLUDESTHEPAPER2BACKGROUNDMICROCONTROLLERCANBEREGARDEDASASINGLECHIPSPECIALPURPOSECOMPUTERDEDICATEDTOEXECUTEASPECIFICAPPLICATIONASINGENERALPURPOSECOMPUTER,MICROCONTROLLERCONSISTSOFMEMORYRAM,ROM,FLASH,I/OPERIPHERALS,ANDPROCESSORCOREHOWEVER,INAMICROCONTROLLER,THEPROCESSORCOREISNOTASFASTASINGENERALPURPOSECOMPUTER,THEMEMORYSIZEISALSOSMALLERMICROCONTROLLERHASBEENWIDELYUSEDINEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSSUCHAS,HOMEAPPLIANCES,VEHICLES,ANDTOYSTHEREARESEVERALMICROCONTROLLERPRODUCTSAVAILABLEINTHEMARKET,FOREXAMPLE,INTELSMCS518051FAMILY,MICROCHIPPIC,ANDATMELSADVANCEDRISCARCHITECTUREAVRWEDISCUSSATMELATMEGA8535ANDLM35TEMPERATURESENSORINTHISSECTION21ATMELATMEGA8535ATMEGA8535ISAN8BITAVRMICROCONTROLLERITHASA16MHZAVRCPU,8KBFLASH,512BYTESEEPROM,AND512BYTESINTERNALSRAMTHEOTHERONCHIPPERIPHERALSINCLUDETWO8BITTIMERS/COUNTERS,ONE16BITTIMER/COUNTER,8CHANNEL10BITANALOGTODIGITALADCAND32PROGRAMMABLEI/OLINES,PORTATOPORTD,WHEREEACHPORTHAS8LINESTHISMICROCONTROLLERISAVAILABLEIN40PINPDIP,44PINTQFP/MLF,AND44PINPLCCPACKAGESDETAILSOFATMEGA8535MICROCONTROLLERAREDESCRIBEDIN122LM35TEMPERATURESENSORTHELM35ISATEMPERATURESENSOR,WHOSEOUTPUTVOLTAGEISLINEARLYPROPORTIONALTOTHECELSIUSTEMPERATURETHISSENSORHASLINEAROUTPUTANDLOWOUTPUTIMPEDANCEMAKEITEASYFORCONNECTINGITTOTHEREADOUTCIRCUITRY2THREEPINS,VS,GND,ANDVOUTAREDEFINEDFORTHESENSORWHENUSEDASABASICTEMPERATURESENSOR2°CTO150°C,ANYCHANGEINTEMPERATUREBY1°CWILLBECONVERTEDTO10MVORTHEOUTPUTVOLTAGEVOUT0MV10MV/°C3RELATEDWORKZHUANDBAI3PROPOSEDASYSTEMFORMONITORINGTHETEMPERATUREOFELECTRICCABLEINTERFACEINPOWERTRANSMISSION,BASEDONATMELAT89C51MICROCONTROLLERTHESYSTEMCONSISTSOFACENTRALPCMACHINE,HOSTCONTROLMACHINES,ANDTEMPERATURECOLLECTORSSEVERALTEMPERATURECOLLECTORSARECONNECTEDTOAHOSTCONTROLMACHINETHROUGHRS485COMMUNICATIONNETWORK,ANDTHEHOSTCONTROLMACHINECOMMUNICATESANDEXCHANGESDATAWITHTHECENTRALPCMACHINEUSINGGENERALPACKETRADIOSERVICEGPRSCONNECTIONTHETEMPERATURECOLLECTORITSELFCONSISTSOFSENSORTEMPERATURESMAXIMSDS18B20,1WIREDIGITALTHERMOMETER,DECODERS,ANDOTHERCIRCUITSFORINTERFACINGINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCOMPUTERAPPLICATIONS0975–8887VOLUME53–NO1,SEPTEMBER20129FIG3ROOMTEMPERATUREMONITORINGSYSTEMTHENISCHECKEDFORCONTROLCOMMANDOROTHERCOMMANDSUCHAS,COMMANDTOREQUESTTHECURRENTROOMTEMPERATUREANDRELAYPORTCSTATUSAFTEREXECUTIONOFBOTHKINDOFCOMMAND,SYSTEMWILLREPLYWITHAMESSAGETOCONFIRMTHEEXECUTIONISCOMPLETETHEPURPOSEOFTHETHRESHOLDINCREMENTISTOAVOIDTHESYSTEMSENDINGMESSAGECONTINUOUSLYTOTHEADMINISTRATORTHEREFORE,THESUBSEQUENTMESSAGEONLYSENTWHENTHETEMPERATUREISINCREASEBY1°CAFTERSENDINGMESSAGEANDACTIVATINGBUZZER,SYSTEMWILLBACKTOMODEMCHECKANDREADTHETEMPERATUREAGAINHERE,THEBUZZERISDEACTIVATEDIFITISACTIVATEDANDTHETHRESHOLDISSETBACKTO28°CIFITISALREADYINCREMENTED41HARDWAREPHOTOGRAPHOFTHESYSTEMISSHOWNINFIG3THETOPPARTANDBOTTOMPARTOFTHEFIGURESHOWSTHERELAYBOARDANDMICROCONTROLLERBOARD,RESPECTIVELYASSHOWN,THEGSMMODEMISCONNECTEDTOTHEBOARDVIADB9CONNECTOR42SOFTWARETHESOFTWAREHASFOURMAINPARTS1READTHETEMPERATUREFROMADC,2SENDTEXTMESSAGE,3RECEIVETEXTMESSAGE,AND4PARSINGTEXTMESSAGEANDCOMMANDSELECTIONCODE1SHOWSTHEADCREADPARTTHEVOLTAGEVALUEISREADFROMPORTA0/ADC0THENSTOREDINADC_VLTVARIABLETHISVALUETHEN,AFTERSOMECOMPUTATIONS,ISASSIGNEDTOVLTVARIABLETHEVALUEOFVLTVARIABLEISTHEVALUETOBECOMPAREDTOTHEPREDEFINEDTHRESHOLDTHEREFORE,IFVLTVALUEISGREATERTHAN28°C,THESYSTEMWILLRAISETHEALARMCODE1READDATAFROMADCCODEFORSENDINGTEXTMESSAGEISSHOWNINCODE2ATCOMMAND10,ATCMGSISUSEDTOSENDTEXTMESSAGENUMBERVARIABLECONTAINSTHEADMINISTRATORPHONENUMBERANDTHEMESSAGEIS”WARNINGROOMSERVERTEMPNOW”FOLLOWEDBYTHETEMPERATUREVALUETHECHR26ORCTRLZISUSEDTOSTARTTHESENDINGPROCESSTHISCODEPARTWILLBECALLEDWHENTHEVLTVALUEISGREATERTHAN28°CCODEFORRECEIVINGREADTEXTMESSAGEISALMOSTTHESAMEWITHCODE2,EXCEPTITUSESTHEATCMGRCOMMANDCODE2SENDTEXTMESSAGEAFTERTHETEXTMESSAGEPARSINGPROCESS,COMMANDSELECTIONPARTISSIMPLYDONEUSINGTHECONDITIONALSTRUCTUREIFELSEIFTHECODEPARTISSHOWNINCODE3BELOWASSHOWNINTHECODE,IFTHESYSTEMRECEIVES“STATUS”COMMAND,THENITWILLEXECUTEANOTHERPROCEDURECALLEDSTATUSTHISCOMMANDISUSEDTOREQUESTTHECURRENTROOMTEMPERATUREANDSTATEOFPORTC1PORTC5CONNECTEDTORELAYBOARD,WHETHERITISONOROFFTHECOMMAND“P1ON”ISUSEDTOCHANGETHESTATEOFPORTC1TOONTHEREFORE,THEELECTRONICAPPLIANCECONNECTEDTOONEOFTHERELAYSISTURNEDONOTHERWISE,IFTHECOMMANDIS“P1OFF”,THEAPPLIANCEISTURNEDOFFTHEREARESEVERALCOMMANDSDEFINEDFORTHESYSTEMTHESECOMMANDSISLISTEDINTABLE1CODE3COMMANDSELECTIONPROCESSTABLE1LISTOFCOMMANDANDITSDESCRIPTIONCOMMANDDESCRIPTIONTEMPREQUESTCURRENTROOMTEMPSTATUSREQUESTTHESTATEOFPORTC15NUMBERWAIT1PRINT“WARNINGROOMSERVERTEMPNOW“VLT“C“PRINTCHR26OTHERCODETHRES28OTHERCODEDATA_ADCGETADC0ADC_VLTDATA_ADC/1024ADC_VLTADC_VLT500VLTFUSINGADC_VLT,““OTHERCODE

簡介：?ABSTRACTTHISPAPERPROPOSESADESIGNOFBYTECODEINTERPRETERFOR8051MICROCONTROLLERWEDEVELOPEDAPROGRAMBASEDONJAVALANGUAGE“WRITEONCE,RUNEVERYWHERE”ITCANBEEMPLOYEDTOOPERATEWITHANOTHERSYSTEMSINCETHEPROGRAMINTERFACESDIRECTLYTOTHEINTERPRETER,INSTEADOFTHEREALSYSTEMTHEREARETWOINSTRUCTIONSETSPROVIDEDINTHEPROGRAMTHEFIRSTISCONDITIONCOMMANDSSUCHASIFANDELSETHESECONDISTHECOMMANDSFORPERIPHERALINTERFACINGSUCHASI2C,RS232INTERFACE,FORPARALLELPORT,TIMERANDLCDINTERFACEINTERPRETERISDEVELOPEDWITHCLANGUAGE,DUETOITSSIMPLESTRUCTUREITISEASYTODEVELOPANDTOMODIFYTHECODEFROMTHERESULTS,CONDITIONCOMMANDSANDNOCONDITIONCOMMANDSCANBEEXECUTECORRECTLYINDEXTERMSBYTECODE,INTERPRETER,BYTECODEIINTRODUCTIONTOUSEMICROCONTROLLER,USERHASTOUNDERSTANDITSARCHITECTUREANDLANGUAGEMICROCONTROLLEROFEACHFAMILYHASITSOWNARCHITECTUREANDINSTRUCTIONSETSFOREXAMPLEPICFAMILYISRISCAND8051FAMILYISCISCWHENUSERWANTSTOCHANGEMICROCONTROLLERTOTHEOTHER,USERHASTODEVELOPTHENEWPROGRAMTOSUPPORTNEWMICROCONTROLLERITISWASTEOFTIMEBECAUSEUSERHASTOSTUDYARCHITECTUREANDINSTRUCTIONSETSOFNEWMICROCONTROLLERASWELLINTERPRETERFORMICROCONTROLLERMAYBETHEALTERNATIVEWAYTOSOLVETHEPROBLEMWHENUSERWANTSTOCHANGETHENEWMICROCONTROLLER,USERONLYINSTALLSINTERPRETERTONEWMICROCONTROLLERBUTDONOTWRITETHENEWPROGRAMEXAMPLEFORBYTECODEISJAVALANGUAGETHEJAVAASINTRODUCEDBYSUNMICROSYSTEMS1IN1994HASSPREADTHROUGHOUTTHECOMPUTERINDUSTRYANDHASREACHEDALLDOMAINSASGOODASJAVAISFORPROVIDING“WRITEONCE,RUNEVERYWHERE”SOFTWAREINFIGURE1,PROGRAMMERWRITESJAVAPROGRAMJAVACOMPILERWILLCOMPILEJAVAPROGRAMTOJAVABYTECODETOUSEJAVAPROGRAM,USERHASTOINSTALLJAVAVIRTUALMACHINE2TOOPERATINGSYSTEMTARGETINCASEUSERWANTSTOCHANGETONEWOPERATINGSYSTEM,USERSJUSTINSTALLSJAVAVIRTUALMACHINEANDJAVAPROGRAMCANBERANASNORMALFORTHISCASEJAVAVIRTUALMACHINEISINTERPRETEROFJAVASYSTEMMANUSCRIPTRECEIVEDDECEMBER27,2009NJEENJUNISAGRADUATESTUDENTINMASTERDEGREEINTHEFACULTYOFENGINEERINGATKINGMONGKUT’SINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY,LADKRABANG,BANGKOKTHAILANDSKHUNTAWEETEPISNOWWITHTHEDEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS,FACULTYOFENGINEERINGATKINGMONGKUT’SINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY,LADKRABANG,BANGKOKTHAILANDEMAILKKSUCHARKMITLACTHSSOMKUARNPANITISWITHTHEDEPARTMENTOFELECTRONICS,FACULTYOFENGINEERINGATKINGMONGKUT’SINSTITUTEOFTECHNOLOGY,LADKRABANG,BANGKOKTHAILANDEMAILKSSURIPOKMITLACTHFIGURE1JAVAOPERATIONTHEFAVORITETOYINTHEWORLD,LEGOMINDSTORM3ITHASH8MICROCONTROLLERWITHLEGOINTERPRETERINSIDEUSERINTERFACEISBASEDONGRAPHICBLOCKITISEASYFORBEGINNEREVENCHILDRENCANDEVELOPTHEIROWNAPPLICATIONSFORTHEOTHEREXAMPLESOFINTERPRETERAREMETACRICKET4DEVELOPEDBYMIT,GOGOBOARD5,BASICSTAMPBYPARALLAXINC6,PICOJAVAI7PICOJAVAII8BYSUNMICROSYSTEMS,ANEMBEDDEDJAVAVIRTUALMACHINE910,THEBYTECODEFIRMWAREDESIGNFORMICROCONTROLLERDEVICE11IISYSTEMCOMPARISONSTANDARDMICROCONTROLLERMCULANGUAGEDESIGNISDEPICTEDINFIGURE2,USERWRITESASSEMBLYPROGRAMTOTARGETMCUANDCOMPILESTOMACHINECODEOFEACHSYSTEMINTHISCASE,USERHASTODEVELOP2PROGRAMSFORBOTH8051ANDPICFIGURE2STANDARDMCUINFIGURE3,USERINSTALLSBYTECODEINTERPRETERINTOBOTH8051ANDPICMICROCONTROLLERTHENWRITESTHEPROGRAMWITHBYTECODEINSTRUCTIONSETSINTHISCASEUSERWRITESTHEPROGRAMONLY1TIMEFIGURE3MCUWITHBYTECODEINTERPRETERBYTECODEINTERPRETERFOR8051MICROCONTROLLERNJEENJUNSKHUNTAWEETEPANDSSOMKUARNPANITPROCEEDINGSOFTHEINTERNATIONALMULTICONFERENCEOFENGINEERSANDCOMPUTERSCIENTISTS2010VOLII,IMECS2010,MARCH1719,2010,HONGKONGISBN9789881821041ISSN20780958PRINTISSN20780966ONLINEIMECS2010FIGURE10EXAMPLEIF/ELSECOMMANDSFORREPEATCOMMAND,INTERPRETERISDESIGNEDTOHAVE8LEVELSNUMBEROFREPEATINGCANBE0255BYTECODE21H28HISRESERVEDFORREPEATCOMMANDGOTOCOMMAND,ITMUSTHAVELABELTOGOTOLABELORADDRESSCANBE0000HFFFFHBYTECODE80HISRESERVEDFORGOTOCOMMANDALLOFCOMMANDSWILLBEEXPLAINEDINTESTINGRESULTSECTIONDMEMORYALLOCATIONMEMORYALLOCATIONISDEPICTEDINFIGURE11,THEFIRST16KBISRESERVEDFORINTERPRETERINSTALLATIONANDTHESECONDISUSERCODEAREAIS16KBFLASHOR32KBEEPROMASCONFIGURATIONSETTINGINTHISPAPER,USERCODEAREAISIN16KBFLASHMEMORYFIGURE11MEMORYALLOCATIONEHARDWAREHARDWAREFORTESTINGTHESYSTEMISETTJR51USB12BELOWISSPECIFICATIONOFHARDWARE?AT89C5131MCUWITH6CLOCKSRUNNING?32KBYTEFLASHAND1KBYTESRAM?USBCABLEFORDOWNLOADINGPROGRAM?1XUARTWITHMAXIMUM11520BPS?1XI2CPORT?5VDCPOWERSUPPLYONBOARDIVTESTINGRESULTSWECHOSESOMEOFBYTECODEEXAMPLESFORTESTINGTHEINTERPRETERITCONSISTSOFI2C,RS232,LCDANDPARALLELPORTWITHDELAYTIMETHEFIRSTEXAMPLECODEISDEPICTEDINFIGURE12,THEPROGRAMWILLPRODUCEI2CSTARTSIGNAL,WRITEDATATOI2CWITH5AHTHENPRODUCEI2CSTOPSIGNALTHETESTINGRESULTISDEPICTEDINFIGURE13FIGURE12EXAMPLEPROGRAM1THEFIRSTLINE00,00,02,00,4E?00,00LINEADDRESS?02SUM?00CONDITION1NOCONDITIONCOMMAND?4EWRITESTARTI2CSIGNALTHESECONDLINE00,01,04,00,01,5A,4A?00,01LINEADDRESS?04SUM?00CONDITION1NOCONDITIONCOMMAND?01,5APUSHDATA5AHTODATASTACK?4ASENDDATAINDATASTACKTOI2CTHETHIRDLINE00,02,02,00,4F?00,02LINEADDRESS?02SUM?00CONDITION1NOCONDITIONCOMMAND?4FWRITESTOPI2CSIGNALFIGURE13I2CSTART,WRITEDATAANDSTOPSIGNALSTHESECONDEXAMPLEISDEPICTEDINFIGURE14THEPROGRAMRECEIVESDATAFROMRS232CHANNELANDSENDSTHESAMEDATABACKTOHOSTPERSONALCOMPUTERFIGURE15SHOWSRS232SIGNALSTHEFIRSTLINE00,00,06,64,00,00,05,00,01?00,00LINEADDRESS?06SUM?64CONDITION1LABELCOMMAND?00NOCONDITION2?00,05LABELSTACKLOCATION?00,01LINEADDRESSFORGOTOCOMMANDTHESECONDLINE00,01,02,00,14?00,01LINEADDRESS?02SUM?00CONDITION1NOCONDITIONCOMMAND?14READDATAFROMRS232THETHIRDLINE00,02,02,00,04,13?00,02LINEADDRESS?02SUM?00CONDITION1NOCONDITIONCOMMAND?04PUSHRS232DATATODATASTACK?13WRITEDATAFROMDATASTACKTORS232THEFOURTHLINE00,03,05,65,00,00,05,00?00,03LINEADDRESS?05SUM?65CONDITION1GOTOCOMMAND?00NOCONDITION2?00,05RELOADLABELATSTACKLOCATION05?00RESERVEDFORFURTHERUSEDPROCEEDINGSOFTHEINTERNATIONALMULTICONFERENCEOFENGINEERSANDCOMPUTERSCIENTISTS2010VOLII,IMECS2010,MARCH1719,2010,HONGKONGISBN9789881821041ISSN20780958PRINTISSN20780966ONLINEIMECS2010

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簡介：2500英文單詞，英文單詞，13萬英文字符萬英文字符,中文中文3900字文獻出處文獻出處BUSONOP,ISWAHYUDIA,RAHMANMAA,ETALDESIGNOFEMBEDDEDMICROCONTROLLERFORCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGBLOODPUMPJPROCEDIACOMPUTERSCIENCE,2015,72217224DESIGNOFEMBEDDEDMICROCONTROLLERFORCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGBLOODPUMPPRATONDOBUSONO,ANDIISWAHYUDI,MAKBARAULIARAHMAN,ARIOFITRIANTOABSTRACTTHEPERISTALTICPUMPHASAVITALROLEFORTRANSPORTINGTHEBLOODINTHEEXTRACORPOREALCIRCUITOFHEMODIALYSISMACHINESUCHAPUMPCONSITSOFASTEPPERMOTOR,GEARBOXANDROTORSHAFTWITHTWOROLLERATTACHEDONITTHETRANSPORTEDVOLUMEOFTHEPUMPDEPENDSONTHETUBESEGMENTPRESSEDBYROLLERTHEREFORE,THEDEVIATIONINTHEAMOUNTOFDELIVEREDFLUIDMAYOCCURSITISAPROBLEMWHENITISUSEDINTHEMEDICALDEVICEWITHHIGHACCURACYREQUIREMENTSSUCHASHEMODIALYSISMACHINETOOVERCOMESUCHAPROBLEM,THETRANSPORTOFFLUIDNEEDTOBECONTROLLEDTHEAIMOFTHISWORKWASTODESIGNANDIMPLEMENTOFANEMBEDDEDMICROCONTROLLERFORCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGFLUIDTRANSPORTINTHEPERISTALTICPUMPANELECTRONICHARDWAREWHICHCONSISTSOFSTM32F4DEVELOPMENTBOARD,STEPPERMOTORDRIVERCIRCUIT,CURRENTSENSOR,MAGNETICSENSORANDARTERIALPRESURESENSORCIRCUITSWASDEVELOPEDINPARALLELWITHEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTTHEEMBEDDEDSOFWARECONSISTSOFROUTINESFORMONITORINGCURRENTSENSOR,PRESSURESENSOR,ANDMAGNETICSENSOR,ASWELLASROUTINESFORPUMPSPEEDCONTROLLERTHESTM32F4BOARDWHICHCONSITSOFARMCORTEXM4FMICROCONTROLLERWASCHOSENBECAUSEOFTHETRADEOFFBETWEENPRICE,PERFORMANCE,ANDLOWPOWERCONSUMPTIONTHEPERISTALTICPUMPSYSTEMWASTESTEDWITHTHEMIXTUREOFWATERANDGLYCERINWITHCERTAINCOMPOSISITIONANDHAVINGVISCOSITYSIMULARTOHUMANBLOODTHEVALIDATIONWASALSOBEPERFORMEDBYCOMPARINGTHERESULTSWITHTHEMEASUREMENTCONDUCTEDUSINGTURBINEFLOWMETERTHERESULTSSHOWSTHATTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHECONTROLLERISWORKINGASEXPECTEDKEYWORDBLOODPUMPCONTROLLER,STEPPERMOTOR,MICROCONTROLLER,EMBEDDEDSYSTEM1INTRODUCTIONEMBEDDEDSYSTEMISPLAYINGANIMPORTANTROLEINOURLIFEITISATECHNOLOGYWHICHMAKESOURLIFEMORECOMFORTABLEANDSAFEMOSTEQUIPMENTSUSEDINOURDAILYACTIVITY,RANGINGFROMMEDICALTOCOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMSAREBUILTSUPONEMBEDDEDSYSTEMTHEREFORE,TODAYECONOMYANDSOCIETYWOULDHEAVILYDEPENDONTHEMEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSHAVEDRIVENTHEPRODUCTINNOVATIONANDDIVERSIFICATIONINTERMSOFFUNCTIONALITY,EFFICIENCY,ANDQUALITY1UNLIKEGENERALPURPOSECOMPUTER,EMBEDDEDSYSTEMSAREBUILTFORSPECIFICAPPLICATIONSTHEAPPLICATIONOFEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSINMEDICALAREAFOREXAMPLEISBECOMINGGREATINTERESTSINCEITALLOWSTHECONSTRUCTIONOFCOMPACTDEVICESTHATHELPTHEPHYSICIANINTREATINGTHEPATIENTSWITHTHEINCREASINGPOWEROFPROCESSINGDEVICEASWELLASTHECOMPLEXITYOFCONTROLSYSTEM,WITHTHECURRENTPROCESSINGSYSTEM,ITISPOSSIBLETOINTEGRATENOTONLYTHECONTROLANDMONITORINGACTIVITIES,BUTALSOTOTAKETHEDECISIONTASKSINTOEMBEDDEDSYSTEMSINADDITION,WITHTHEAVAIBILITYOFAGENERALPURPOSERECONFIGURABLEPLATFORM,ITISPOSSIBLETODEVELOPSUCHACOMPLEXSYSTEMWITHREDUCEDTIMEDEVELOPMENTANDGIVERESULTSHAVINGSIMILARCHARACTERISTICSTOOTHERSIMILAREMBEDDEDSYSTEMSTHISSYSTEMISALSOROBUSTANDFULLYRELIABLE,CAPABLEOFWORKINGFOREXTENDEDPERIODSOFTIMEWITHOUTFAILURETHEPERFORMANCEOFEMBEDDEDCONTROLSYSTEMSCANAFFECTEDBYMANYFACTORSITDEPENDSNOTPERISTALTICPUMPINGSYSTEMTHESYSTEMASSHOWNINFIG1CONSISTSOFPERISTALTICPUMPHEAD,STEPPERMOTORWITHGEARBOX,MOTORDRIVERANDCONTROLLERTHEPUMPHEADWASCONSTRUCTEDBYHOUSINGBODYANDAROTORWITHTWOROLLERSATTACHEDONITANELASTICTUBEISFITTEDTOASEMICIRCULARCHAMBERTHATPARTLYSURROUNDSTHEROTORANDTHETRANSFERREDFLUIDGETSINCONTACTONLYWITHTHEINSIDEOFTHETUBINGANDHENCELOWERINGTHERISKOFCONTAMINATION2THETUBESETISCHANGEDBETWEENEACHPATIENTWHENTHEPUMPISINOPERATION,ONEROLLERWILLPRESSTHEELASTICTUBESEGMENTTOTHEHOUSINGANDFORCETHEBLOODTOMOVEFORWARDBEFORETHEFIRSTROLLERREACHESTHEENDOFTHEHOUSINGANDRELEASETHEMANIFOLD,THESECONDROLLERWILLCLOSETUBESEGMENTPREVENTINGTHEBACKFLOW3,4THECOMPRESSIONOFTHEPLASTICTUBEINDUCESARESISTANCEONTHEPUMPMOTORWHICHWILLCREATEARELATIVELYLARGEPRESSUREDISTURBANCEINTHEFLUIDFLOWINORDERTOGETTHEACCURATEBLOODVOLUMETOBETRANSFERRED,CONTROLLINGTHEPUMPSPEEDISIMPORTANTINHEMODIALYSISTHEPUMPSPEEDCANBESETBYCONTROLLINGTHEAMOUNTOFCURRENTSINJECTEDBYTHEELECTRONICMOTORDRIVERSUCHCURRENTSARECONVERTEDTOPWMDUTYCYCLEFORPOWERINGTHEPHASECOILS,ANDHENCECHANGINGTHEMOTORSPEEDSINTHECASEOFPERISTALTICBLOODPUMP,THEPWMDUTYCYCLESARENOTCONSTANTSINCETHELOADISDYNAMICS,DEPENDINGONTHEAMOUNTTRANSFEREDFLUIDVOLUMEFIGURE2SCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFSTEPPERMOTORDRIVER521ELECTRICALMODELSCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFSTEPPERMOTORDRIVERISSHOWNINFIG2IFTWOPHASESTEPPERMOTORUSEDFORDRIVINGTHEPUMP,EACHOFTHETWOELECTRICALPHASESOFTHESTEPPERMOTORCANBEMODELLEDASRLCIRCUITANDBACKELECTROMOTIVEFORCEASFOLLOW5,THEPHASECURRENTIJCANBEMEASUREBYCURRENTSENSORPLACEDCLOSETOTHECOIL22MECHANICALMODELTHEMECHANICALPARTOFTHEMOTORCANBEMODELLEDASARIGIDBODYSUBJECTTOVARIOUSTORQUES5,

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簡介：DESIGNOFINTELLIGENTCARBASEDONSINGLECHIPPROCESSORSTC89C52LIXIN1,A,XIANGQIANG1,B,?1COLLEGEOFELECTRICALINFORMATION,SOUTHWESTUNIVERSITYFORNATIONALITIES,CHENGDU610041,CHINAAEMAIL1009132414QQCOM,BEMAILXIANGQIANGSWUNEDUCNKEYWORDSINTELLIGENTTRACKINGCAR,DCMOTOR,INFRAREDELECTRICSENSOR,PWM,MICEMAZEABSTRACTSMARTCARISAKINDOFSYSTEMWHICHCANPRECISELYALONGTHEPATHOFAUTOMATICDRIVINGMAZESTOTHEENDPOINTANDRETURNTOTHESTARTINGPOINTACCURATELYACCORDINGTOTHEOPTIMALPATH,UNDERTHEEFFECTOFCONTROLSYSTEMINTHISPAPER,THEHARDWARE/SOFTWAREDESIGNANDIMPLEMENTATIONOFTHEINTELLIGENTTRACKINGCARCONTROLSYSTEMAREINTRODUCEDTHISTRACKINGCARUSESTHREEROWSOFLASERSENSORSTOCOLLECTROADINFORMATION,SOFTWARETOJUDGEITSEFFECTIVENESSBYTHECORRESPONDINGALGORITHM,CONTROLALGORITHMSTOCONTROLVEHICLESTEERINGTHEPROPERDUTYRATIOOFPWMWAVEISGIVEDBYSINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERTOCONTROLTHEMOTORSPEED,ANDTHEPOSITIVENEGATIVEOPERATIONOFMOTORISDRIVEDBYHBRIDGETHESMARTCARCANRETURNTOTHESTARTINGPOINTALONGTHEOPTIMALPATHAFTERREACHTHEENDPOINTTHESMARTCARCANCOMPLETETHETRACKINGTASKPREFERABLY,ANDISABLETOCOMPLETETHEPRESCRIBEDPATHWITHFASTERSPEED,ALWAYSMAINTAINSSTABLEOPERATIONINTRODUCTIONTHETRACKINGCARCOMPETITIONISANACTIVITYCARRIEDOUTFORPROMOTINGHIGHEREDUCATIONALREFORM,CULTIVATINGUNDERGRADUATESTHEABILITYOFPRACTICE,INNOVATIONANDTEAMWORKSPIRITMANUFACTURINGPHOTOELECTRICTRACKINGCARISDIVIDEDINTOTWOPARTSHARDWAREMANUFACTURINGANDSOFTWAREPROGRAMMINGTHISARTICLEPROPOSESADESIGNSCHEMEFORPHOTOELECTRICTRACKINGCARTHEEXPERIMENTINDICATESTHATTHISSCHEMECANADJUSTTHESPEEDANDANGLEOFCARBODY,COMBININGWITHALLKINDSOFTRACK’STRAFFICINFORMATION,INORDERTOENSURECARSCANFINISHTHEFULLDISTANCEINAMINIMUMDURATIONSYSTEMATICOVERALLHARDWARESTRUCTUREDESIGNANDWORKINGPRINCIPLEBRIEFINTRODUCTIONINTELLIGENTCAR’SOVERALLHARDWARESTRUCTUREDESIGNTHESTRUCTURESOFTHECARMAINLYDIVIDEDINTOAFEWPARTSFOLLOWING1POWERMODULEBECAUSECARSADOPTTHEBATTERYTOSUPPLYELECTRICITY,REASONABLEDESIGNISAPOWERMODULE,THEPREMISEOFCAR’SSTABLEOPERATION2TRACKINGMODULEIT’SMADEUPOFSEVERALPHOTOTUBES,USINGFOREXPLORINGTHEPOSITIONOFBLACKLINE,JUDGEIFTHEREISBLACKLINEORNOTTHROUGHTHECHANGEOFREFLECTEDINFRARED3DRIVERMODULEOFELECTRICMOTORASTHESCM’SCURRENTOUTPUTISLIMITED,ANDITCANNOTDRIVEMOTORTOWORKDIRECTLY,THUSITNEEDSTOBEDRIVENBYAPPROPRIATIVECIRCUITTHISARTICLETAKESHBRIDGEDRIVERCHIPL298NTHATISUSEDCOMMONLYFORANEXAMPLE4ONECHIPCOMPUTERMODULETHEWHOLEDESIGNSELECTS8BITMICROCONTROLLERSTC89C524TOFINISHTHETREATMENTOFCOLLECTINGDATAANDCONTROLINGCOMMANDOFEACHDRIVER,THEPROCESSINGSPEEDOF12MCANDEALWITHALLKINDSOFROADINFORMATIONINTIMEANDCONTROLTHEDIRECTIONOFCARS,ANDTHEPOWERDISSIPATIONISLOW,THECOLLOCATIONISSIMPLE,ANDTHEPRICEISCOMPARATIVELYCHEAPINTELLIGENTTRACKINGCARHARDWARESTRUCTUREDIAGRAMASSHOWNINFIGURE12INTERNATIONALPOWER,ELECTRONICSANDMATERIALSENGINEERINGCONFERENCEIPEMEC2015?2015THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYATLANTISPRESS247SENSITIVERECEIVINGINFRAREDPHOTOELECTRICTRIODENPNWHENITISUSEDTOCOMPARETWOVOLTAGES,ANARBITRARYINPUTENDPLUSAFIXEDVOLTAGEASREFERENCEVOLTAGE,ANDTHEOTHERENDWITHAVOLTAGESIGNALSTOBECOMPAREDWHENTHEVOLTAGEOF““TERMINALISHIGHERTHAN““SIDE,THEOUTPUTPIPEISCUTOFF,WHICHMEANSTHEOUTPUTSIDEDISCONNECTINGWHENTHEVOLTAGEOF““ABOVE““SIDE,THEOUTPUTTUBESATURATED,EQUIVALENTTOTHEOUTPUTSIDECONNECTSALOWPOTENTIALTHEDIFFERENCEBETWEENTHETWOINPUTVOLTAGESISMORETHAN10MVWHICHCANRELIABLYENSURETHATTHEOUTPUTFROMONESTATETOANOTHERSTATETHEREFORE,THELM339USEDINWEAKSIGNALDETECTIONISIDEAL5LOOPCIRCUITDIAGRAMASSHOWNINFIGURE2FIG3MOTORDRIVERMODULEMOTORDRIVERMODULETHISMODULESELECTSTHEL298NCHIPTOCONTROLTHEREARETHREESIGNALSAND6PINSTOCONTROLEACHELECTRICALMACHINEANDTHESIXPINSISLINKEDWITHP00P05OFSTC89C52SINGLECHIPMICROCOMPUTERRESPECTIVELYHERETHEWORKINGVOLTAGEOFTHECHIPIS5VTHISDESIGNADOPTSTHEWAYOFTWOKINDSOFOUTPUTTINGTOCONTROLAMOTORNAMELYTHEOUT1ANDOUT2CONTROLMOTOR1,OUT3ANDOUT4CONTROLMOTOR2INFIGURE5,D1D8ISCLAMPDIODEMOTOR,ATTHEINSTANTOFSTOPPING,WILLPRODUCEAREVERSECURRENT,ANDAFTERCUTTINGTHEMAGNETICFIELDCANPRODUCEAREVERSEELECTROMOTIVEFORCETHEGOALTOSETTHESECLAMPDIODESISTOPREVENTTHECOUNTERELECTROMOTIVEFORCEFROMBURNINGOUTTHECHIP,SOASTOPROTECTTHEMMOTORDRIVERMODULEASSHOWNINFIGURE36249

簡介：PROCEDIACOMPUTERSCIENCE722015217–224AVAILABLEONLINEATWWWSCIENCEDIRECTCOM18770509?2015PUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERBVTHISISANOPENACCESSARTICLEUNDERTHECCBYNCNDLICENSEHTTP//CREATIVECOMMONSORG/LICENSES/BYNCND/40/PEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFORGANIZINGCOMMITTEEOFINFORMATIONSYSTEMSINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEISICO2015DOI101016/JPROCS201512134SCIENCEDIRECTTHETHIRDINFORMATIONSYSTEMSINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEDESIGNOFEMBEDDEDMICROCONTROLLERFORCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGBLOODPUMPPRATONDOBUSONOA,ANDIISWAHYUDIB,MAKBARAULIARAHMANB,ARIOFITRIANTOAACENTERFORINFORMATIONANDCOMMUNICATIONTECHNOLOGY,BPPT,KAWASANPUSPIPTEKSERPONG,TANGERANG,INDONESIABDEPARTMENTOFELECTRICALENGINNERING,UNIVERSITYOFALAZHARINDONESIA,JAKARTA,INDONESIAABSTRACTTHEPERISTALTICPUMPHASAVITALROLEFORTRANSPORTINGTHEBLOODINTHEEXTRACORPOREALCIRCUITOFHEMODIALYSISMACHINESUCHAPUMPCONSITSOFASTEPPERMOTOR,GEARBOXANDROTORSHAFTWITHTWOROLLERATTACHEDONITTHETRANSPORTEDVOLUMEOFTHEPUMPDEPENDSONTHETUBESEGMENTPRESSEDBYROLLERTHEREFORE,THEDEVIATIONINTHEAMOUNTOFDELIVEREDFLUIDMAYOCCURSITISAPROBLEMWHENITISUSEDINTHEMEDICALDEVICEWITHHIGHACCURACYREQUIREMENTSSUCHASHEMODIALYSISMACHINETOOVERCOMESUCHAPROBLEM,THETRANSPORTOFFLUIDNEEDTOBECONTROLLEDTHEAIMOFTHISWORKWASTODESIGNANDIMPLEMENTOFANEMBEDDEDMICROCONTROLLERFORCONTROLLINGANDMONITORINGFLUIDTRANSPORTINTHEPERISTALTICPUMPANELECTRONICHARDWAREWHICHCONSISTSOFSTM32F4DEVELOPMENTBOARD,STEPPERMOTORDRIVERCIRCUIT,CURRENTSENSOR,MAGNETICSENSORANDARTERIALPRESURESENSORCIRCUITSWASDEVELOPEDINPARALLELWITHEMBEDDEDSOFTWAREDEVELOPMENTTHEEMBEDDEDSOFWARECONSISTSOFROUTINESFORMONITORINGCURRENTSENSOR,PRESSURESENSOR,ANDMAGNETICSENSOR,ASWELLASROUTINESFORPUMPSPEEDCONTROLLERTHESTM32F4BOARDWHICHCONSITSOFARMCORTEXM4FMICROCONTROLLERWASCHOSENBECAUSEOFTHETRADEOFFBETWEENPRICE,PERFORMANCE,ANDLOWPOWERCONSUMPTIONTHEPERISTALTICPUMPSYSTEMWASTESTEDWITHTHEMIXTUREOFWATERANDGLYCERINWITHCERTAINCOMPOSISITIONANDHAVINGVISCOSITYSIMULARTOHUMANBLOODTHEVALIDATIONWASALSOBEPERFORMEDBYCOMPARINGTHERESULTSWITHTHEMEASUREMENTCONDUCTEDUSINGTURBINEFLOWMETERTHERESULTSSHOWSTHATTHEPERFORMANCEOFTHECONTROLLERISWORKINGASEXPECTED?2015PUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDSELECTIONAND/ORPEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFTHESCIENTIFICCOMMITTEEOFTHETHIRDINFORMATIONSYSTEMSINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEISICO2015KEYWORDBLOODPUMPCONTROLLER,STEPPERMOTOR,MICROCONTROLLER,EMBEDDEDSYSTEM?2015PUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERBVTHISISANOPENACCESSARTICLEUNDERTHECCBYNCNDLICENSEHTTP//CREATIVECOMMONSORG/LICENSES/BYNCND/40/PEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFORGANIZINGCOMMITTEEOFINFORMATIONSYSTEMSINTERNATIONALCONFERENCEISICO2015219PRATONDOBUSONOETAL/PROCEDIACOMPUTERSCIENCE722015217–2242PERISTALTICBLOODPUMPSYSTEMINTHEEXTRACORPOREALCIRCUITOFHEMODIALYSISMACHINES,THEBLOODFLOWISTRANSPORTEDBYAPERISTALTICPUMPINGSYSTEMTHESYSTEMASSHOWNINFIG1CONSISTSOFPERISTALTICPUMPHEAD,STEPPERMOTORWITHGEARBOX,MOTORDRIVERANDCONTROLLERTHEPUMPHEADWASCONSTRUCTEDBYHOUSINGBODYANDAROTORWITHTWOROLLERSATTACHEDONITANELASTICTUBEISFITTEDTOASEMICIRCULARCHAMBERTHATPARTLYSURROUNDSTHEROTORANDTHETRANSFERREDFLUIDGETSINCONTACTONLYWITHTHEINSIDEOFTHETUBINGANDHENCELOWERINGTHERISKOFCONTAMINATION2THETUBESETISCHANGEDBETWEENEACHPATIENTWHENTHEPUMPISINOPERATION,ONEROLLERWILLPRESSTHEELASTICTUBESEGMENTTOTHEHOUSINGANDFORCETHEBLOODTOMOVEFORWARDBEFORETHEFIRSTROLLERREACHESTHEENDOFTHEHOUSINGANDRELEASETHEMANIFOLD,THESECONDROLLERWILLCLOSETUBESEGMENTPREVENTINGTHEBACKFLOW3,4THECOMPRESSIONOFTHEPLASTICTUBEINDUCESARESISTANCEONTHEPUMPMOTORWHICHWILLCREATEARELATIVELYLARGEPRESSUREDISTURBANCEINTHEFLUIDFLOWFIGURE1PERISTALTICBLOODPUMPSYSTEMINORDERTOGETTHEACCURATEBLOODVOLUMETOBETRANSFERRED,CONTROLLINGTHEPUMPSPEEDISIMPORTANTINHEMODIALYSISTHEPUMPSPEEDCANBESETBYCONTROLLINGTHEAMOUNTOFCURRENTSINJECTEDBYTHEELECTRONICMOTORDRIVERSUCHCURRENTSARECONVERTEDTOPWMDUTYCYCLEFORPOWERINGTHEPHASECOILS,ANDHENCECHANGINGTHEMOTORSPEEDSINTHECASEOFPERISTALTICBLOODPUMP,THEPWMDUTYCYCLESARENOTCONSTANTSINCETHELOADISDYNAMICS,DEPENDINGONTHEAMOUNTTRANSFEREDFLUIDVOLUME21ELECTRICALMODELSCHEMATICDIAGRAMOFSTEPPERMOTORDRIVERISSHOWNINFIG2IFTWOPHASESTEPPERMOTORUSEDFORDRIVINGTHEPUMP,EACHOFTHETWOELECTRICALPHASESOFTHESTEPPERMOTORCANBEMODELLEDASRLCIRCUITANDBACKELECTROMOTIVEFORCEASFOLLOW5,TUTETIRDTTDILJJJWJW????FORJA,B1WHEREMMMAPKTE??SIN??2MMMBPKTE??SIN?3CONTROLLERPERISTALTICPUMPSTEPPERMOTORMOTORDRIVER

簡介：1800英文單詞，11700英文字符，中文3040字出處LIXIN,XIANGQIANG2015DESIGNOFINTELLIGENTCARBASEDONSINGLECHIPPROCESSORSTC89C52INTERNATIONALPOWER,ELECTRONICSANDMATERIALSENGINEERINGCONFERENCEIPEMEC2015基于單片機STC89C52的智能車設(shè)計李昕，湘強?西南民族大學電氣信息學院，四川成都610041電子郵件1009132414QQCOM電子郵件XIANGQIANGSWUNEDUCN關(guān)鍵詞智能跟蹤車，直流電機，紅外電傳感器，PWM，鼠標迷宮摘要智能汽車是一種能夠在控制系統(tǒng)的作用下，根據(jù)最優(yōu)路徑精確地沿著自動駕駛迷宮的路徑到達終點并準確返回起點的系統(tǒng)。本文介紹了智能跟蹤汽車控制系統(tǒng)的硬件/軟件設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)。這種跟蹤車使用三排激光傳感器來收集道路信息，軟件通過相應的算法判斷其有效性，控制算法來控制車輛轉(zhuǎn)向。單片機給出了PWM波的適當占空比來控制電機轉(zhuǎn)速，H橋驅(qū)動電機的正負操作。智能車可以在到達終點后沿最佳路徑返回起點。智能車可以優(yōu)選地完成跟蹤任務，并且能夠以更快的速度完成規(guī)定的路徑，始終保持穩(wěn)定的操作。1簡介跟蹤汽車競賽是推動高等教育改革，培養(yǎng)大學生實踐能力，創(chuàng)新能力和團隊合作精神的一項活動。制造光電跟蹤車分為兩部分硬件制造和軟件編程。本文提出了一種光電跟蹤汽車的設(shè)計方案。實驗表明，該方案可以調(diào)整車身的速度和角度，結(jié)合各種軌道的交通信息，確保車輛在最短的時間內(nèi)完成全程距離。2系統(tǒng)的整體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和工作原理簡介智能車的整體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計汽車的結(jié)構(gòu)主要分為以下幾個部分1電源模塊。由于汽車采用電池供電，合理的設(shè)計是電源模塊，是汽車穩(wěn)定運行的前提。2跟蹤模塊。它由幾個光電管組成，用于探測黑線的位置，通過反射紅外線的變化判斷是否有黑線。圖2環(huán)路圖跟蹤模塊的設(shè)計本設(shè)計采用8個ST188型號的紅外電傳感器。光電管分布部分采用332布局。該方法可以準確，簡單地區(qū)分每個端口，程序控制算法簡單，車輛穩(wěn)定可控。ST188型紅外電子傳感器由高功率紅外光電二極管和高靈敏度接收紅外光電三極管（NPN）組成。當它用于比較兩個電壓時，任意輸入端加上固定電壓作為參考電壓，另一端用電壓信號進行比較。當“”端子的電壓高于“”側(cè)時，輸出管道被切斷，這意味著輸出側(cè)斷開。當電壓“”高于“”側(cè)時，輸出管飽和，相當于輸出側(cè)連接低電位。兩個輸入電壓之間的差值大于10MV，這可以可靠地確保輸出從一個狀態(tài)到另一個狀態(tài)。因此，LM339用于弱信號檢測是理想的5。電路圖如圖2所示。圖3電機驅(qū)動模塊電機驅(qū)動模塊該模塊選擇L298N芯片進行控制。有三個信號和6個引腳來控制每臺電機。六個引腳分別與STC89C52單片機的P00P05相連。這里芯片的工作電壓為5V。這種設(shè)計采用兩種輸出方式來控制電機。即OUT1和OUT2控制電機1，OUT3和OUT4控制電機2在圖5中，D1D8是鉗位二極管。電機，在停止瞬間，會產(chǎn)生反向電流，切割后的磁場可以產(chǎn)生一個反電動勢。設(shè)置這些鉗位二極管的目的是防止反電動勢燒壞芯片，從而保護它們。電機驅(qū)動模塊如圖36所示4智能跟蹤車的軟件設(shè)計

簡介：2400英文單詞，英文單詞，12800英文字符，中文英文字符，中文3900字文獻出處文獻出處MARTUZA,KAZIGOLAM,ETAL“DESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFLOWCOSTANDPORTABLEMICROCONTROLLERBASEDHYGROMETER“IOSRJOURNALOFELECTRICALANDELECTRONICSENGINEERINGIOSRJEEE10320155056DESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFLOWCOSTANDPORTABLEMICROCONTROLLERBASEDHYGROMETERKAZIGOLAMMARTUZA,HUMAYUNKABIR,FARHANAHAFIZ,FAHMIDAAKTER,MAHBUBULHOQ,MAHEDEEHASAN,MDABDULMANNANCHOWDHURYABSTRACTTHEHYGROMETERISWIDELYUSEDINAIRCONDITIONER,HUMIDITYDATALOGGER,HUMIDIFIER??℃ON/OFFBUTTONISPRESSEDONCEAGAINTHEDEVICEWILLNEEDABATTERY0F9VBUTTHEVOLTAGEREGULATORSWILLREGULATETHEVOLTAGETO5VFORDEVICEUSAGEINORDERTOLOADTHEPROGRAMINTHEMICROCONTROLLERUSEDWHICHISPIC16F876A,MPLABWASUSEDFORTHISPORTABLEHUMIDITYREADERTHISSOFTWAREWILLLOADALLPROGRAMMADEINTOINTERNALMEMORYOFPIC16F876AONCETHEHEXFILEWASCREATEDINTHEMPLAB,THISFILEWILLTHENBELOADEDINTOPIC16F876AUSINGPICKIT2TOENSURETHESENSORWORKSINTHESPECIFIEDRANGE,DETAILEDPROGRAMMINGMUSTBETAKENINTOCONSIDERATIONSINCETHESENSORISSENSITIVETOWARDSVAPORPRODUCEDBYEXHALATIONORWATERHEATERTHEPROGRAMMINGISMODIFIEDSOTHATTHELCDDISPLAYTHEREADINGWILLCONTINUOUSLYMEASUREBYHUMIDITYSENSORTHEREAREMANYREASONSFORCHOOSINGHSM20GASOURHUMIDITYSENSORINTHISCIRCUITDESIGNED,ADIODEIN4007ISUSETOPROTECTTHECIRCUITFROMWRONGPOLARITYSUPPLYFEWCAPACITORSISUSEDTOSTABILIZESTHEVOLTAGEATTHEOUTPUTSIDEOFTHEVOLTAGESUPPLYFROMTHE9VBATTERYTHELEDISAGREENLEDFROMOVERCURRENTWHICHMIGHTBURNLEDMCLR,RB6ANDRB7NEEDTOBECONNECTEDTOTHEUSBINCIRCUITPROGRAMMERTOPROGRAMTHEPICMICROCONTROLLERATTHESAMETIME,RB3NEEDTOBEPULLDOWNTO0VTODISABLELOWVOLTAGEPROGRAMMING,BECAUSETHEPROGRAMMERISUSINGHIGHVOLTAGEPROGRAMMINGTHEPIC16F876AWILLGATHERALLANALOGUEDATASENSESBYTHEHUMIDITYSENSORANDCONVERTEDINTODIGITALOUTPUTANDSHOWSTHROUGHTHEELCDTHEPROCESSISINFINITYLOOPOPERATIONASACCORDINGTOTHEPROGRAMMINGLOADEDEARLIERINTOTHEPICMICROCONTROLLER8FIG1SIMPLIFIEDBLOCKDIAGRAMOFTHEDEVELOPEDSYSTEMIIIDESIGNANDCIRCUITDESCRIPTION31HSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORMODULETHEMODULEOFHSM20GISESSENTIALFORTHOSEAPPLICATIONSWHERETHERELATIVEHUMIDITYCANBECONVERTEDTOSTANDARDVOLTAGEOUTPUTHUMIDITYSENSORISDEVICECONSISTINGOFSPECIALPLASTICMATERIALWHOSECHARACTERISTICSCHANGEACCORDINGTOTHEAMOUNTOFHUMIDITYINAIRBASICALLY,THISSENSORSENSESTHEAMOUNTOFWATERVAPORINAIRFORTHISRESEARCHWORK,ANALOGUEINPUTSENSORWEUSEDHSM20GISESSENTIALFORTHEOBJECTIVESANDAPPLICATIONSWHERETHEREADINGINTERMSOFRELATIVEHUMIDITYWASCONVERTEDINTOSTANDARDVOLTAGEOUTPUTTHEAPPLICATIONSINCLUDEHUMIDIFIERSANDDEHUMIDIFIERS,AIRCONDITIONER,HUMIDITYDATALOGGERSANDAUTOMOTIVECLIMATECONTROL9,10TABLE2SHOWSTHESPECIFICATIONOFTHEHSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORTABLE2THESPECIFICATIONOFTHEHSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORCHARACTERISTICSHSM20G

簡介：PROCEDIATECHNOLOGY212015376–380AVAILABLEONLINEATWWWSCIENCEDIRECTCOMSCIENCEDIRECT22120173?2015THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDTHISISANOPENACCESSARTICLEUNDERTHECCBYNCNDLICENSEHTTP//CREATIVECOMMONSORG/LICENSES/BYNCND/40/PEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFAMRITASCHOOLOFENGINEERING,AMRITAVISHWAVIDYAPEETHAMUNIVERSITYDOI101016/JPROTCY201510053SMARTGRIDTECHNOLOGIES,AUGUST68,2015DESIGNOFSMARTMETERUSINGATMEL89S52MICROCONTROLLERGOVINDAKASCSE,VITUNIVERSITY,VELLORE,INDIAABSTRACTSMARTMETERISAPROGRESSIVEENERGYMETERTHATPROCESSESCONSUMPTIONOFELECTRICALENERGYANDPROVIDESEXTRAINFORMATIONCOMPAREDTOACONVENTIONALENERGYMETERINCORPORATIONOFSMARTMETERSINTOELECTRICITYGRIDINCLUDESEXECUTIONOFAVARIETYOFTECHNIQUESANDSOFTWARE,DEPENDINGONTHEFEATURESTHATTHESTATEDEMANDSOUTLINEOFASMARTMETERRELIESONUPONTHENECESSITIESOFTHESERVICEORGANIZATIONANDTHECLIENTTHISPAPERTALKSABOUTDIFFERENTPECULIARITIESANDADVANCESTHATCANBEINCORPORATEDINASMARTMETERINFACT,ARRANGEMENTOFSMARTMETERSNEEDSLEGITIMATECHOICEANDUSAGEOFACOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMFULFILLINGTHESECURITYMEASURESOFSMARTGRIDCOMMUNICATIONANDPROPOSESADESIGNMODELFORSMARTMETERTOKNOWTHEEXACTBILLINGTHATEACHLOADISGOINGTOCONSUMEWITHTHEHELPOFWIRELESSTECHNOLOGYTHEMICROCONTROLLERTAKESTHEREADINGFROMTHEENERGYMETERVIAANOPTOCOUPLERANDDISPLAYSTHEREADINGONTHELCDDULYINTERFACETOAMICROCONTROLLERTHEREADINGOFTHEENERGYMETERISALSOSENTTOUSERTHROUGHGSMMODEMBEINGFEDFROMTHEMICROCONTROLLERVIALEVELSHIFTERICANDRS232LINK?2015THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDPEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFAMRITASCHOOLOFENGINEERING,AMRITAVISHWAVIDYAPEETHAMUNIVERSITYKEYWORDSSMART,ENERGY,MICROCONTROLLER,UTILITY,GSM1INTRODUCTIONSMARTGRIDSGIVEELECTRICITYREQUESTFROMTHEBROUGHTTOGETHERANDDISSEMINATEDERASTATIONSTOTHECLIENTSTHROUGHTRANSMISSIONANDCIRCULATIONTECHNOLOGIESTHELATTICEISWORKED,CONTROLLEDANDCHECKEDUTILIZINGDATAANDCOMMUNICATIONSADVANCESICTTHESEINNOVATIONSEMPOWERVITALITYORGANIZATIONSTOFLAWLESSLYCONTROLTHEPOWERREQUESTANDTAKEINTOACCOUNTANEFFECTIVEANDSOLIDPOWERDELIVERYATLESSENEDEXPENSESECURITYSTAYSTOBEASTANDOUTAMONGSTTHEMOSTCRITICALISSUESINSMARTNETWORKTECHNOLOGIESGIVENTHERISKANDIMPAIRMENTOCCUPANTSANDORGANIZATIONSALIKEMAYEXPERIENCEIFTHEGRIDFALLSUNDERASSAULTCORRESPONDINGAUTHORTEL919894597112EMAILADDRESSKGOVINDAVITACIN?2015THEAUTHORSPUBLISHEDBYELSEVIERLTDTHISISANOPENACCESSARTICLEUNDERTHECCBYNCNDLICENSEHTTP//CREATIVECOMMONSORG/LICENSES/BYNCND/40/PEERREVIEWUNDERRESPONSIBILITYOFAMRITASCHOOLOFENGINEERING,AMRITAVISHWAVIDYAPEETHAMUNIVERSITY378KGOVINDA/PROCEDIATECHNOLOGY212015376–380DNP3,ASTHISCONVENTIONINDEPENDENTFROMANYONEELSEISNOTSATISFACTORILYALRIGHTFORCOMMUNITYORIENTEDOPERATIONSINFORMATIONOBJECTSECURITYGIVESAFEWPRINCIPLESTOGETTINGTOTHEINFORMATIONTOKEEPAWAYFROMUNAPPROVEDACCESSTHATCONTROLSTHEINFORMATIONANDGADGETOPERATIONS16INTHISFIGURE,GADGETSINTHETRANSMISSIONPARTGUARANTEELEGITIMATETRANSMISSIONOFGENERATEDENERGY,CONTROLTECHNOLOGIESINDISTRIBUTIONSEGMENTGUARANTEECHECKINGANDCONTROLLINGISSUES,COMMUNICATIONDEVICESLIKEPROTOCOLGATEWAYS,DATACOLLECTORSANDREPEATERSANDSYSTEMOPERATIONSCOORDINATESINFORMATIONANDCONTROLMOTIONSBETWEENALLTHEGADGETSINTHECOMMUNICATIONNETWORKASMARTMETERORANAPPARATUSTHATHASAPLACEWITHACLIENTCANBEIDENTIFIEDBYAUNIQUEPERSONALITYDOLEDOUTTOITBYANDLARGE,CHARACTERSGIVENTOALLPARTSARESECUREDBYCRYPTOGRAPHICMETHODS6THECOMMUNICATIONSYSTEMCHOSENEEDSTOHELPOPERATIONOFTHESMARTMETERFRAMEWORKEVENONFORCEBLACKOUTRECOGNITIONANDHELPDELIVERYCOMPUTERIZATIONMOREOVER,THECHOSESYSTEMANDITSSEGMENTSMUSTBEPRACTICALANDMUSTHELP“TRAFFICPRIORITIZATION“IE,ORGANIZETHEDELIVERYOFINFORMATIONINLIGHTOFITSTIMEANDDIRECTIONSEQUENCE73PROPOSEDMETHODFIG1REPRESENTSTHEARCHITECTUREOFTHEPROPOSEDSMARTMETERTHEOUTPUTOFPOWERSUPPLYWHICHIS5VISCONNECTEDTO40THPINOFMICROCONTROLLERANDGNDISCONNECTEDTO20THPINOFMICROCONTROLLERPIN20TOPIN27OFPORT2OFMCISCONNECTEDTODATAPINSIE,D0TOD7OFLCDDISPLAYPINS4,5,6IE,RS,RW,ENOFLCDAREGIVENTOP00TOP02OFPORTOF0OFMCPIN30ANDPIN31OFPORT3OFMCARECONNECTEDTOPIN11ANDPIN12OFMAX232PIN33OFPORT3OFMCISCONNECTEDTOPIN5OFOPTOCOUPLERPIN12OFOPTOCOUPLERARECONNECTEDTOENERGYMETERPIN1413OFMAX232AREGIVENTOPINS23OFDB9MALECONNECTORPIN2PIN5OFDB9FEMALECONNECTORAREGIVENTOGSMMODEM4RESULTANALYSISTHEAT89S52ISATMELSDERIVATIVEOFTHE8052ITISCOMPATIBLEWITHATMELSINSYSTEMPROGRAMMINGISPVIAANONCHIPSPIINTERFACE,WHICHALLOWSITTOBEPROGRAMMEDVIAATMELSAT89ISPPROGRAMMERWHILETHEMCUISINTHETARGETCIRCUITINTELHASPROVIDEDEVIDENCETHATSUBSTANTIATESTHAT89S52HASAFASTERPROGRAMMINGTIMETHAN8051THEREFORE,INSHORTTHEBASICADVANTAGEBETWEEN8051AND89S52ISTHEDIFFERENCEINROMMEMORYATMEL89S52ALSOHASADVANCEDFLASHEEPROMFIG2AANDFIG2BSHOWTHECOMPARISONRESULTSWITHRESPECTTOFEATURESANDPERFORMANCERESPECTIVELY5CONCLUSIONTHESMSBASEDELECTRICITYENERGYMETERBILLINGSYSTEMUSINGGSMMODEMWASIMPLEMENTED,TOLETTHECONSUMERKNOWELECTRICITYBILLHASREACHEDACERTAINTHRESHOLDITINFORMSTHECUSTOMERTHROUGHASMSSENTONTHEMOBILETHROUGHTHEGSMMODEMATTACHEDTOITTHESYSTEMCONSISTSOFTHEELECTRICITYMETERWHICHMEASURESTHEELECTRICITYBILLANDINFORMSTHECONSUMERABOUTTHENUMBEROFUNITSCONSUMEDANDASSOCIATEDCOSTSWITHITTHEMICROCONTROLLERCOORDINATESTHEWHOLESYSTEMWITHTHEHELPOFITSDIFFERENTCOMPONENTSCONNECTEDTOITTHISEMBEDDEDSYSTEMC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簡介：1800英文單詞，11700英文字符，中文3040字出處LIXIN,XIANGQIANG2015DESIGNOFINTELLIGENTCARBASEDONSINGLECHIPPROCESSORSTC89C52INTERNATIONALPOWER,ELECTRONICSANDMATERIALSENGINEERINGCONFERENCEIPEMEC2015基于單片機STC89C52的智能車設(shè)計李昕，湘強?西南民族大學電氣信息學院，四川成都610041電子郵件1009132414QQCOM電子郵件XIANGQIANGSWUNEDUCN關(guān)鍵詞智能跟蹤車，直流電機，紅外電傳感器，PWM，鼠標迷宮摘要智能汽車是一種能夠在控制系統(tǒng)的作用下，根據(jù)最優(yōu)路徑精確地沿著自動駕駛迷宮的路徑到達終點并準確返回起點的系統(tǒng)。本文介紹了智能跟蹤汽車控制系統(tǒng)的硬件/軟件設(shè)計與實現(xiàn)。這種跟蹤車使用三排激光傳感器來收集道路信息，軟件通過相應的算法判斷其有效性，控制算法來控制車輛轉(zhuǎn)向。單片機給出了PWM波的適當占空比來控制電機轉(zhuǎn)速，H橋驅(qū)動電機的正負操作。智能車可以在到達終點后沿最佳路徑返回起點。智能車可以優(yōu)選地完成跟蹤任務，并且能夠以更快的速度完成規(guī)定的路徑，始終保持穩(wěn)定的操作。1簡介跟蹤汽車競賽是推動高等教育改革，培養(yǎng)大學生實踐能力，創(chuàng)新能力和團隊合作精神的一項活動。制造光電跟蹤車分為兩部分硬件制造和軟件編程。本文提出了一種光電跟蹤汽車的設(shè)計方案。實驗表明，該方案可以調(diào)整車身的速度和角度，結(jié)合各種軌道的交通信息，確保車輛在最短的時間內(nèi)完成全程距離。2系統(tǒng)的整體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計和工作原理簡介智能車的整體硬件結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計汽車的結(jié)構(gòu)主要分為以下幾個部分1電源模塊。由于汽車采用電池供電，合理的設(shè)計是電源模塊，是汽車穩(wěn)定運行的前提。2跟蹤模塊。它由幾個光電管組成，用于探測黑線的位置，通過反射紅外線的變化判斷是否有黑線。圖2環(huán)路圖跟蹤模塊的設(shè)計本設(shè)計采用8個ST188型號的紅外電傳感器。光電管分布部分采用332布局。該方法可以準確，簡單地區(qū)分每個端口，程序控制算法簡單，車輛穩(wěn)定可控。ST188型紅外電子傳感器由高功率紅外光電二極管和高靈敏度接收紅外光電三極管（NPN）組成。當它用于比較兩個電壓時，任意輸入端加上固定電壓作為參考電壓，另一端用電壓信號進行比較。當“”端子的電壓高于“”側(cè)時，輸出管道被切斷，這意味著輸出側(cè)斷開。當電壓“”高于“”側(cè)時，輸出管飽和，相當于輸出側(cè)連接低電位。兩個輸入電壓之間的差值大于10MV，這可以可靠地確保輸出從一個狀態(tài)到另一個狀態(tài)。因此，LM339用于弱信號檢測是理想的5。電路圖如圖2所示。圖3電機驅(qū)動模塊電機驅(qū)動模塊該模塊選擇L298N芯片進行控制。有三個信號和6個引腳來控制每臺電機。六個引腳分別與STC89C52單片機的P00P05相連。這里芯片的工作電壓為5V。這種設(shè)計采用兩種輸出方式來控制電機。即OUT1和OUT2控制電機1，OUT3和OUT4控制電機2在圖5中，D1D8是鉗位二極管。電機，在停止瞬間，會產(chǎn)生反向電流，切割后的磁場可以產(chǎn)生一個反電動勢。設(shè)置這些鉗位二極管的目的是防止反電動勢燒壞芯片，從而保護它們。電機驅(qū)動模塊如圖36所示4智能跟蹤車的軟件設(shè)計

簡介：IOSRJOURNALOFELECTRICALANDELECTRONICSENGINEERINGIOSRJEEEEISSN22781676,PISSN23203331,VOLUME10,ISSUE3VERIVMAY–JUN2015,PP5056WWWIOSRJOURNALSORGDOI109790/167610345056WWWIOSRJOURNALSORG50|PAGEDESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFLOWCOSTANDPORTABLEMICROCONTROLLERBASEDHYGROMETERKAZIGOLAMMARTUZA1,HUMAYUNKABIR1,FARHANAHAFIZ2,FAHMIDAAKTER2,MAHBUBULHOQ2,MAHEDEEHASAN1,MDABDULMANNANCHOWDHURY1,1DEPARTMENTOFPHYSICS,JAHANGIRNAGARUNIVERSITY,SAVAR,DHAKA1342,BANGLADESH2INSTITUTEOFELECTRONICSIE,AERE,SAVAR,DHAKA,BANGLADESH1ADDRESSFORCORRESPONDENCEHUMAYUNKABIR,ABSTRACTTHEHYGROMETERISWIDELYUSEDINAIRCONDITIONER,HUMIDITYDATALOGGER,HUMIDIFIERDEHUMIDIFIERETCTHEAIMOFTHISRESEARCHWORKISTODESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFALOWCOST,PORTABLEMICROCONTROLLERBASEDHYGROMETERTHEHYGROMETERHASBEENDESIGNEDUSINGTHESENSORMODULEHSM20GTHESENSOROPERATESINCAPACITIVEPRINCIPLE,IECHANGESINRELATIVEHUMIDITYRHOFTHESURROUNDINGAIRCAUSEACHANGEINDIELECTRICCONSTANTOFTHEPOLYMERFILMLEADINGTOACHANGEOFSENSORCAPACITANCETHEMODULECONVERTSTHISCAPACITANCECHANGEINTOANALOGVOLTAGETHEHSM20GSENSORPROVIDESANALOGVOLTAGEFORBOTHTEMPERATUREANDHUMIDITYTHESENSORISCONNECTEDWITHPIC16F876AMICROCONTROLLER,WHICHCONVERTSTHEANALOGVOLTAGEINTODIGITALANDDISPLAYTHERESULTINTO16X2ALPHANUMERICLCDDISPLAYTHEPROGRAMISWRITTENINCLANGUAGEUSINGMIKROCPROTHEMEASURINGACCURACYOFTHEHUMIDITYREADINGOFOURDESIGNEDMETERISNEGLIGIBLEKEYWORDSHYGROMETER,MICROCONTROLLER,RELATIVEHUMIDITY,SENSORCAPACITANCE,LCDDISPLAY,ANDCPROGRAMIINTRODUCTIONHYGROMETRYISTHEPARTOFPHYSICS,WHICHDEALSWITHTHEMEASUREMENTOFTHEAMOUNTOFWATERVAPOURPRESENTINAGIVENVOLUMEOFAIRCONDENSATIONOFTHISAQUEOUSVAPOURPRESENTINTHEATMOSPHEREISRESPONSIBLEFORVARIOUSPHENOMENALIKEFORMATIONOFCLOUDS,FOGS,RAINS,SNOWS,HAILS,ETC1THECAPACITYOFAIRTOHOLDWATERVAPOURISLIMITEDANDISCONTROLLEDBYTEMPERATUREONLYIFTHEAIRINANYPLACEANDTIMECONTAINSTHEMAXIMUMAMOUNTOFWATERVAPOURTHATITCANHOLD,ITISSAIDTOBESATURATED,OTHERWISEITISUNSATURATED2DEWPOINTISTHETEMPERATUREATWHICHWATERVAPOURACTUALLYPRESENTINTHEAIRJUSTREACHESSATURATIONWEMAY,THEREFORE,DEFINEDEWPOINTASTHATTEMPERATUREATWHICHTHEPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURACTUALLYPRESENTINTHEATMOSPHEREISEQUALTOTHESATURATIONPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURCORRESPONDINGTODEWPOINTKNOWLEDGEOFDEWPOINTENABLESUSTOFINDOUTTHEPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURACTUALLYPRESENTINTHEATMOSPHEREFOREXAMPLE,DEWPOINTTODAYIS20ATAPARTICULARPLACEATTHETIMEOFOBSERVATIONFROMREGNAULT?SCHART,ITISFOUNDTHATTHESATURATIONPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURAT200CIS17MMHENCETODAYATTHEPARTICULARPLACE,THEPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURACTUALLYPRESENTINTHEATMOSPHEREIS17MM3THETERM?HUMIDITY?SIGNIFIESTHEDAMPNESSORWETNESSOFTHEATMOSPHEREDUETOITSHOLDINGOFWATERVAPOURITISTHECONCENTRATIONOFWATERVAPORINTHEAIRTHECONCENTRATIONCANBEEXPRESSEDASABSOLUTEHUMIDITY,SPECIFICHUMIDITY,ORRELATIVEHUMIDITY4RELATIVEHUMIDITYRHORHYGROMETRICSTATEOFAIRISDEFINEDTOBETHERATIOOFTHEQUANTITYOFWATERVAPOURACTUALLYPRESENTINACERTAINVOLUMEOFAIRATAPARTICULARTEMPERATURETOTHEQUANTITYOFWATERVAPOURTHATWOULDBEREQUIREDTOSATURATETHESAMEVOLUMEOFAIRATTHESAMETEMPERATURE5SORHCATAIROFVOLUMESAMETHESATURATETONECESSARYOURWATERVAPOFMASSCATAIROFANYVOLUMEINPRESENTACTUALLYOURWATERVAPOFMASS00??SINCEPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURISPROPORTIONALTOTHEAMOUNTOFWATERVAPOURPRESENTINAGIVENVOLUMEOFATMOSPHERE,WEMAYDEFINERELATIVEHUMIDITYASRHCATAIRTHESATURATETONECESSARYOURWATERVAPOFPRESSURECATAIRINTHEPRESENTACTUALLYOURWATERVAPOFPRESSURE00??SINCETHESATURATIONVAPOURPRESSUREOFWATERATDEWPOINTISTHEACTUALPRESSUREOFWATERVAPOURCONTAINEDINTHEATMOSPHEREATAPARTICULARTEMPERATURE,SORELATIVEHUMIDITYCANBEWRITTENASRHAIRTHEOFCRETEMPERATUATTHEPRESSUREVAPOURSATURATIONPOINTDEWATTHEPRESSUREVAPOURSATURATION0?DESIGNANDDEVELOPMENTOFLOWCOSTANDPORTABLEMICROCONTROLLERBASEDHYGROMETERDOI109790/167610345056WWWIOSRJOURNALSORG52|PAGEFIG1SIMPLIFIEDBLOCKDIAGRAMOFTHEDEVELOPEDSYSTEMIIIDESIGNANDCIRCUITDESCRIPTION31HSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORMODULETHEMODULEOFHSM20GISESSENTIALFORTHOSEAPPLICATIONSWHERETHERELATIVEHUMIDITYCANBECONVERTEDTOSTANDARDVOLTAGEOUTPUTHUMIDITYSENSORISDEVICECONSISTINGOFSPECIALPLASTICMATERIALWHOSECHARACTERISTICSCHANGEACCORDINGTOTHEAMOUNTOFHUMIDITYINAIRBASICALLY,THISSENSORSENSESTHEAMOUNTOFWATERVAPORINAIRFORTHISRESEARCHWORK,ANALOGUEINPUTSENSORWEUSEDHSM20GISESSENTIALFORTHEOBJECTIVESANDAPPLICATIONSWHERETHEREADINGINTERMSOFRELATIVEHUMIDITYWASCONVERTEDINTOSTANDARDVOLTAGEOUTPUTTHEAPPLICATIONSINCLUDEHUMIDIFIERSANDDEHUMIDIFIERS,AIRCONDITIONER,HUMIDITYDATALOGGERSANDAUTOMOTIVECLIMATECONTROL9,10TABLE2SHOWSTHESPECIFICATIONOFTHEHSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORTABLE2THESPECIFICATIONOFTHEHSM20GHUMIDITYSENSORCHARACTERISTICSHSM20GINPUTVOLTAGERANGEDC5002VOUTPUTVOLTAGERANGEDC1030VMEASUREMENTACCURACY5RHOPERATINGCURRENTMAXIMUM2MAOPERATINGRHRANGE20TO95100RHINTERMITTENTTEMPERATURERANGE0CTO50CLONGTERMSTABILITYTYPICALDRIFTPERYEAR15TIMERESPONSE63STEPCHANGE1MIN32LOWVOLTAGEPOWERSUPPLYMICROCONTROLLERANDOTHERELECTRONICCOMPONENTS,WHICHAREUSEDINDESIGNINGHUMIDITYMONITOR,REQUIREADCVOLTAGE5VAREGULATEDDCPOWERSUPPLYISDESIGNEDFORTHISPURPOSETHECOMPLETECIRCUITOFAREGULATEDDCPOWERSUPPLYISSHOWNINFIG2USINGA7805ICASAVOLTAGEREGULATINGDEVICETHEPOWERSUPPLYISACOMBINATIONOFTHREESECTIONS11,12,NAMELYBRIDGERECTIFIER,ACAPACITORFILTERANDICVOLTAG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