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AVESENSEESPECIALLYWHENCELEBRITIESARECONCERNEDBECAUSETHEYARECONSTANTLYCOMPETINGANDFIGHTINGFORACCEPTANCEANDGOODWILLOFTHEPUBLICWHATISNEEDEDTOPOINTOUTISTHATAPERSONASABRANDSHOULDBEDISTINGUISHEDFROMAPERSONAPPOINTEDANDHIREDBYACOMPANYTOENDORSEACERTAINPRODUCT,WHOSEAIMISIMPELINGBUYINGTHEPRODUCTFOREXAMPLEFTOTTI–VODAFONE,JANISTON–HINEKENETCBUT,OFCOURSE,PERSONALBRANDISEASILYTRANSFERREDTOTHEPRODUCTBRANDWHICHISCONNECTEDEVENTOTHEBRANDOFWHOLENATIONEXFERRARYSRACINGDRIVEOFFORMULA1–MICHAELSHUMACHER,NAPOLEONBONAPARTA–FRANCE,JOHNKENNEDY–THEUSA,ADOLFHITLER–GERMANYETCAMONGALOTOFWORLDBRANDSWHICHARERELATEDTOAPERSON,WESHALLMENTIONMADONNA,DAVIDBECKAM,MICHAELANGELO,SOFIALOREN,ANGELINAJOLLIEORGANIZATION–GIVESIMPORTANCETOTHEBRANDCONCEPTANDTRIESTOFORMAUNIQUEIMAGEABOUTITSELFINPUBLICTHROUGHITSPROGRAMMES,ACTIVITIES,PRODUCTSETCFORTHEPROCESSOFCREATINGTHECORPORATEBRAND,PUBLICRELATIONSHAVEADOMINANTROLECORPORATEBRANDREPRESENTSCULTURE,SYSTEMOFVALUES,PEOPLEANDSTRATEGIESOFTHECOMPANYTOWHICHITISRELATED,SOTHATITHASASTRONINTERNALPOSITIVEINFLUENCESTRONGCORPORATEBRANDSCANCREATE“ASENSEOFBELONGING”O(jiān)FTHEEMPLOYEESINACOMPANYANDSECURETHEIRPOSITIVEATTITUDESTOWARDSTHECOMPANYITSELFANDMUTUALGOALSSIGNIFICANCEOFAPPLICATIONOFTHEBRANDCONCEPTWASUNDERSTOODBYBOTHNON–PROFITORJGANIZATIONS,ANDTHOSEWHOSEACTIVITIESARESPORTS,ARTSANDENTERTAINMENT,ANDWHOSEREPRESENTINGISNOTSONECESSARYUNICEF,FOOTBALLCLUBSROMA,BARSELONA,FILMSHARRYPOTTER,TERMINATORETCPLACE–GEOGRAPHICALLOCATIONCANALSOBEBRANDED,ASWELLASPRODUCT/SERVICE,COMPANYORAPERSONETCTHEPOWEROFBRANDINGISTOCREATEAWARENESSABOUTTHELOCATIONINPEOPLESMINDSANDTOELICITPOSITIVE,DESIREDASSOCIATIONSTOURISMDEVELOPMENT,DOINGBUSINESS,MOREANDMOREPEOPLEWHOPUTAPARTOFTHEIRSALARIESASIDEINORDERTOSAVEMONEYFORVISITINGPLACESWORLDWIDE,CONTRIBUTEDTHEDEVELOPMENTOFTHEBRANDINGOFGEOGRAPHICALLOCATIONSCITIES,COUNTRIES,RELIGIONSANDCONTINENTSAREACTIVELYPROMOTINGTHROUGHADVERTISING,

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簡介：中文中文3400字出處出處PUNUKOLLUG,KHANIA,GOWDARM,ETALCARDIACTROPONINIRELEASEINACUTEPULMONARYEMBOLISMINRELATIONTOTHEDURATIONOFSYMPTOMSJINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCARDIOLOGY,2005,99220711急性肺動脈栓塞心肌肌鈣蛋白急性肺動脈栓塞心肌肌鈣蛋白I釋放與癥狀的持續(xù)時間的相關性研究釋放與癥狀的持續(xù)時間的相關性研究GOPIKRISHNAPUNUKOLLU,IJAZAKHAN,RAMESHMGOWDA,GAURAVLAKHANPAL,BALENDUCVASAVADA,TERRENCEJSACCHI【摘要】目的探討血壓正常的急性肺栓塞患者肌鈣蛋白I釋放持續(xù)時間與癥狀。方法57名血壓正常的急性肺栓塞患者被納入研究范圍。將患者分為兩組，癥狀持續(xù)時間≤72H后被分為A組，癥狀持續(xù)時間72H者為B組，血清心肌肌鈣蛋白I水平測定入院時。結果平均年齡為68±18歲和23例（40％）為男性。33例（58％）患者癥狀持續(xù)時間≤72H（A組）和24（42％）例癥狀持續(xù)時間72小時（B組）。兩組有類似的超聲心動圖右心室功能障礙患病率（A組55％N18與B組42％N10，PNS）。16例患者血清心肌肌鈣蛋白I升高（33±23NG/ML，范圍0683NG/ML）。血清肌鈣蛋白I水平與右心室功能不全相關（P0015）。所有患者血清肌鈣蛋白I升高患者（N16）都為A組患者（P30MM或右心室/左心室舒張末徑比1），（2）矛盾間隔收縮運動（3）肺動脈高壓（肺加速時間30毫米汞柱）存在。右心室功能不全不考慮急性右心室壁肥厚的存在。23實驗室數(shù)據(jù)中，急性肺栓塞的窗口期癥狀持續(xù)可以延長至14天1921。43心肌肌鈣蛋白I釋放動力學肌鈣蛋白的大部分與肌原纖維結合，其余的是在細胞質(zhì)。在急性心肌梗死癥狀出現(xiàn)后46H后時釋放，24小時后達峰，峰值達到參考值上限約2050倍。這些亞基的濃度在血中持續(xù)升高許多天，肌鈣蛋白I為47天和肌鈣蛋白T為1014天。據(jù)估計，34％的心肌肌鈣蛋白I和68％的肌鈣蛋白T在游離的細胞質(zhì)成分中被發(fā)現(xiàn)24,25。在心肌損傷的初始階段，細胞質(zhì)肌鈣蛋白的釋放發(fā)生與外周血中肌鈣蛋白可被檢測出22，此外，已被證明，心肌梗死后其他形式的心臟肌鈣蛋白I和T被釋放到血液中26。因此，心肌肌鈣蛋白I和T的釋放和清除機制仍未完全理解。沒有研究評價急性肺栓塞的發(fā)病癥狀與肌鈣蛋白釋放的關系，盡管有研究評估有關這些標記物持續(xù)的時間11,12。KONSTANTINIDES等12研究126例患者，其中51％的患者癥狀的持續(xù)時間的不到24小時，肌鈣蛋白水平升高與患者出現(xiàn)癥狀的關系沒有被評估。進行觀察內(nèi)43例臨床懷疑急性肺栓塞肌鈣蛋白水平升高的患者中41例肌鈣蛋白水平峰值出現(xiàn)在4小時。揚尼齊斯等11研究了56例肺栓塞患者癥狀持續(xù)中位時間為3天，范圍為112天，并上報心臟肌鈣蛋白T水平，32％的患者與心肌肌鈣蛋白T的釋放有關，癥狀的持續(xù)時間沒有數(shù)據(jù)報道。44本研究的發(fā)現(xiàn)本研究中，心肌肌鈣蛋白I水平升高與肺栓塞伴有右心功能不全相關，與其他的研究相似，但有趣的是，沒有癥狀持續(xù)時間超過72小時的患者心肌肌鈣蛋白I的水平升高，盡管有右心功能不全。這可能代表在經(jīng)過初期的水平輕度升高后患者的心肌肌鈣蛋白I水平正?；?。肺栓塞是否升高心肌肌鈣蛋白I代表細胞質(zhì)肌鈣蛋白的泄漏，需要研究與肌鈣蛋白I與有關癥狀的持續(xù)時間的關系，而不是頻繁的采樣。血壓正常的肺栓塞患者被納入研究范圍，因為肌鈣蛋白風險分層是非常有用的，特別是在血壓正常的肺栓塞患者28，低血壓和休克，肺栓塞本身有較強的預測預后更差，在這些患者心臟肌鈣蛋白I可能沒有攜帶多少額外的預后價值。5結論癥狀持續(xù)小于等于72小時的急性肺栓塞患者心肌肌鈣蛋白I的動態(tài)釋放可能與癥狀持續(xù)時間較長的患者不同。因此，使用心肌肌鈣蛋白I在急性肺栓塞危險分層可能會受到限制。需要頻繁取樣進行的一項研究來了解心肌肌鈣蛋白I與急性肺栓塞的癥狀的持續(xù)時間，可以給更深入地了解這個概念。

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MARKERSINRELATIONTOTHETIMEOFPRESENTATION11,12KONSTANTINIDESETAL12INCLUDED126PATIENTSWITH51OFTHEMPRESENTINGWITHSYMPTOMSOFLESSTHAN24H,BUTDATAONPROPORTIONOFPATIENTSWITHELEVATEDTROPONINLEVELSINRELATIONTOTHEDURATIONOFSYMPTOMSWASNOTEVALUATEDTHEPEAKTROPONINLEVELSWEREOBSERVEDWITHINTHEFIRST4TABLE3ELEVATEDCARDIACMARKERSBASEDONTHEDURATIONOFSYMPTOMSELEVATEDCARDIACMARKERDURATIONOFSYMPTOMSV24HN21DURATIONOFSYMPTOMS24–48HN6DURATIONOFSYMPTOMS48–72HN6CARDIACTROPONINI1362233117CREATINEKINASE210NONENONECREATINEKINASEMB629117NONEALLVALUESARENUMBEROFPATIENTSGPUNUKOLLUETAL/INTERNATIONALJOURNALOFCARDIOLOGY992005207–211209

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簡介：中文中文9100字,5900漢字，漢字，31萬英文字符萬英文字符出處出處SONGD,WANGY,YOUFSTUDYONWECHATUSERBEHAVIORSOFUNIVERSITYGRADUATESC//INTERNATIONALCONFERENCEONDIGITALHOME2014353360大學生微信用戶使用習慣的研究大學生微信用戶使用習慣的研究摘要摘要2011年1月21日，騰訊公司在中國發(fā)布了微信。2012年3月，用戶突破了一億。自此，騰訊公司宣布微信用戶的數(shù)量在2013年1月15日達到了3億。微信成為了過去兩年中，最熱門的話題之一，它的每一個動作都吸引了來自學界、工業(yè)界和企業(yè)界的關注。本文選取了50個大學畢業(yè)生作為研究目標，通過數(shù)據(jù)調(diào)查和分析研究他們的微信使用模式。最初，作者設計了用戶研究方法，并且邀請用戶們參加。其次，運用收集到的2013至2014年3月大學畢業(yè)生的數(shù)據(jù)，分析微信聯(lián)系人的數(shù)量和組合；算出他們關注的公眾號的來源、類型和目的；記錄他們前100個朋友圈的時間、類型、形式和時間關聯(lián)性。通過對數(shù)據(jù)的分析，作者想要研究大學生們使用微信和他人進行社交和交流的真正情形以及微信在和陌生人建立社交關系上的廣泛性。而且，本文在如何改進微信的功能和服務上也有一定的貢獻。更重要的是，本文也分析了微信在學生社交方面積極和消極的影響。類別和主題描述類別和主題描述K43計算環(huán)境計算機和社會組織影響計算機支持合作工作概述概述實驗、人為因素、測量關鍵詞關鍵詞微信、大學生、用戶研究、網(wǎng)絡社會行為1、簡介簡介近年來，在流行性上快速增長的網(wǎng)絡應用的類型之一就是網(wǎng)絡上的社交行為1。人們參與社交網(wǎng)絡服務（SNS），例如FACEBOOK、TWITTER和MYSPACE的主要原因的是和朋友、家庭成員、同事和鄰里進行聯(lián)系2。隨著電腦從個人電腦（PC）向移動設備，例如智能手機的發(fā)展，聊天軟件發(fā)展為一個高度分裂的技術3。因此，移動即時消息（MIM）工具變得很受歡迎，特別是在年輕人中間。WALTON解釋，MIM工具成功背后的一個關鍵因素是移動網(wǎng)絡的極易接觸。3。MIM的本性和目的就是更加利于社交、更加非正式、更加方便對話。它們被看做用戶肉體本身的擴展，是個人特性的非常重要的一部分，許多人宣稱它們是生活中的獨立的部分4。而且，它們被看成是社交地位和力量的標志，而不僅僅是單獨的流行符號。在國外，各種MIM工具（WHATSAPP、TALKBOX、LINE和KIK）在現(xiàn)代社會中激烈競爭；MITALK來自移動網(wǎng)絡；飛聊、翼聊和我有來自中國三大電信運營商；來往來自阿里巴巴集團；易信，由中國電信和網(wǎng)易聯(lián)合開發(fā)。盡管花費極大地影響著用戶的使用頻率，但是社交影響是當今MIM應用發(fā)展的主要原因5。在中國，微信是騰訊最成功的移動網(wǎng)絡應用，也是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)史上增長最快的應用。從功能上來說，微信改變了傳統(tǒng)的交流方式，這樣幾百萬的用戶可以方便地交流6。40版本之后，微信開始通過共享的流媒體內(nèi)容提要和基于位置的社交插件或是基于位置的服務（LBS），像是熟知的搖一搖、附近的人、漂流瓶等，來為社交網(wǎng)絡提供支持。本文通過研究中國最流行的社交工具微信，來研究大學生們的移動社交網(wǎng)絡工具的使組、高中組、大學組、在社交活動或日常生活中遇到的人、工作同事、網(wǎng)上朋友、附近的人、微信搖一搖、微信漂流瓶、家庭成員和老師。微信公眾號被分為14個組，包括新聞、找工作、折扣信息、言論或電影介紹專業(yè)知識、游戲助手、笑話、名人、考試和教育、生活貼士、時尚、旅行和運動、汽車和技術、星座測試。發(fā)布的朋友圈的分類包括生活分享、情感表達或是品頭論足、自拍、信息或是圖片鏈接、音樂、心靈雞湯、星座測試和推廣廣告。2424論文結構論文結構本文接下來的部分是如下組織的第三部分解釋用戶研究的結果和在聯(lián)系人、服務和訂閱賬目、朋友圈。第四部分總結微信對大學生的積極和消極影響。最后一部分，討論潛在的設計方向和未來的工作。33結論結論這一部分解釋數(shù)據(jù)分析的結果在前面章節(jié)中對聯(lián)系人、公眾號和朋友圈這三部分的分析。3131用戶好友用戶好友50位大學生的微信好友的數(shù)量從195至27不等。圖1顯示，聯(lián)系人中好友的數(shù)量從0至200，以40位間隔。為了直觀地了解數(shù)量和趨勢的分布，用SPSS作散點圖，局部多頂式回歸（LOESS）用來作擬合曲線，這表明分布呈現(xiàn)出兩邊低、中間出現(xiàn)一個峰值的趨勢，聯(lián)系人的數(shù)量大多在100左右。圖2的餅圖表明，聯(lián)系人數(shù)量被分為4部分，以50人為一個間隔只有6個用戶的聯(lián)系人數(shù)量超過150,17個用戶的聯(lián)系人數(shù)量在100150之間，占34；一半用戶的聯(lián)系人數(shù)量在50100之間，只有2個用戶的聯(lián)系人數(shù)量不到50。這50個用戶的微信聯(lián)系人的來源也是多種多樣，像是同學、老師、同事、旅行期間遇到的陌生人、衣服店老板、朋友介紹的、網(wǎng)絡游戲伙伴和附近的人。根據(jù)第二部分的分類，“社交活動和日常生活中遇到的人”社交關系是最弱的，包括地鐵上遇到的人、在那學習過的咖啡店的老板等。圖3，MALTLAB產(chǎn)生的散點圖描述了聯(lián)系人中朋友的構成。50個用戶的擬合曲線表明了好友構成的大致情況。散點圖表明，“大學校友”占的比例最大，擬合曲線在“大學校友”這一項達到峰值。這極可能是因為微信是在這兩年才流行起來的，所有被邀請的好友也都是大學同學?！案咧型瑢W”和“中學同學”的比例也相對較高，最好的達到了422和291。相當一部分用戶在“工作同事”中沒有好友，然而因為個人環(huán)境的不同，一些人卻有許多。但是擬合曲線表明，這一類別的整體水平是比較低的。更加有趣的是，研究中的所有用戶都有家人這一類別，最多的有15個。26個用戶在微信中添加了老師，這表明微信促進學生和老師之間的溝通交流。此外，微信聯(lián)系人中網(wǎng)友的數(shù)量比通過附近的人和搖一搖添加的人的數(shù)量多，大多數(shù)研究中的用戶都從來沒有通過附近的人、搖一搖或漂流瓶結識新朋友。在這50個用戶中（25個男性和25個女性），12個用戶使用附近的人添加朋友，占24，其中只有一個是女性。5位用戶使用搖一搖添加朋友，其中4個是男性。只有一個男性使用漂流瓶添加朋友。此外，我發(fā)現(xiàn)男性用戶傾向于添加更多的社會關系較弱的朋友（在社交活動或日常生活中認識的人）。在圖4中，每一個點代表一個用戶，以Y軸上“社交活動或日常生活中遇到的人”的比例進行分布。紅色的曲線代表男性用戶，藍色的代表女性用戶。擬合曲線表明，紅色曲線在藍色曲線上方，這意味著男性大學生更愿意添加社會關系較弱的朋友，像是在社交活動或日常生活中遇到的人。3232服務和訂閱賬戶服務和訂閱賬戶微信是如此的流行，以至于微信公眾號引起了廣泛關注。最新版的微信取消了公眾號

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